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Research shows how cells eliminates oxidized proteins The presence of oxygen and the development of aerobic metabolism on Earth allowed living beings to take advantage of the energy in foods in a much more efficient manner. This evolutionary achievement, however, came at a price: it left cells vulnerable to the effects of oxidizing substances. These byproducts of aerobic respiration interact with proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, disrupting the functions of these macromolecules. This process can lead to cell death, and in more complex organisms such as humans, it is thought to be one basis for diseases like cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Fortunately, most organisms have developed mechanisms to protect themselves against damage from oxidation. One such mechanism was recently discovered by Brazilian researchers and was featured on the cover of Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, one of the most prominent journals in the field. The study, financed by FAPESP under its Regular Research Support program and coordinated by Marilene Demasi at the Instituto Butantan’s Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, revealed the strategy used by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to accelerate the breakdown of oxidized proteins.
Supercamera is used to study voice production A videolaryngoscope utilized by USP researchers can capture 4,000 images per second and allows for visualization of vocal cord vibrations in slow motion.
Naval technology aids studies on the behavior of marine animals UNESP researchers used subaquatic remotely operated vehicles to study the movement and spatial distribution of rays in fresh and sea water.
FAPESP, Boeing and Embraer begin a study on the development of biofuels for aviation The study is a joint project between the three institutions and envisages the creation of a research and development center for commercial and executive aviation.
USP musicians hold concerts with overseas musicians in real time via internet An experiment is part of a research project on networked music enabling musicians and players from across the world to interact.
More articles
Brazilian researchers develop new polymeric material Substituting traditional plastic bags for biodegradable polymers is once again fueling discussion about the need to diminish the impact of discarding this type of material in the environment. This switch, however, is hampered by the high costs of a few types of polymers that are degraded in just a few years by the action of natural microorganisms and agents (biodegradable); in contrast, the decomposition of conventional polymers takes centuries.
Researchers define the role of energy systems in judo Training methods used in nom-combat types of sports could help change the training and improve the physical aptitude of athletes in combat sports. This USP study was highlighted in Science.
Lack of spatial data infrastructure limits oceanographic research in Brazil Researchers and students spend time on basic tasks because of a lack of structured primary databases, weakening the impact of their studies.
More value given to scientific reporting Financial Times Science Editor Clive Cookson found that the quality of scientific journalism improved when researchers became aware that working with journalists is important if the public is to gain a better understanding of the science.
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